diff --git a/mem0/vector_stores/qdrant.py b/mem0/vector_stores/qdrant.py
index d074a8923..47d29c5c8 100644
--- a/mem0/vector_stores/qdrant.py
+++ b/mem0/vector_stores/qdrant.py
@@ -161,9 +161,15 @@ class Qdrant(VectorStoreBase):
 
         ops = set(value.keys())
         range_ops = {"gt", "gte", "lt", "lte"}
+        non_range_ops = ops - range_ops
 
         if ops & range_ops:
-            # Any combination of range operators: gt, gte, lt, lte
+            if non_range_ops:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    f"Cannot mix range operators ({ops & range_ops}) with "
+                    f"non-range operators ({non_range_ops}) for field '{key}'. "
+                    f"Use AND to combine them as separate conditions."
+                )
             range_kwargs = {op: value[op] for op in range_ops if op in value}
             return FieldCondition(key=key, range=Range(**range_kwargs))
         elif "eq" in value:
diff --git a/tests/vector_stores/test_qdrant.py b/tests/vector_stores/test_qdrant.py
index 845167d7e..ca20a0eb5 100644
--- a/tests/vector_stores/test_qdrant.py
+++ b/tests/vector_stores/test_qdrant.py
@@ -541,5 +541,15 @@ class TestQdrantEnhancedFilters(unittest.TestCase):
             self.qdrant._build_field_condition("field", {"unknown_op": "foo"})
         self.assertIn("Unsupported", str(ctx.exception))
 
+    def test_mixed_range_and_non_range_raises_error(self):
+        """Mixing range ops with non-range ops should raise ValueError."""
+        with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
+            self.qdrant._build_field_condition("priority", {"gte": 5, "ne": 10})
+
+    def test_mixed_range_and_eq_raises_error(self):
+        """Mixing range ops with eq should raise ValueError."""
+        with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
+            self.qdrant._build_field_condition("score", {"gt": 0.5, "eq": 1.0})
+
     def tearDown(self):
         del self.qdrant